Although serious complications are uncommon, risks include bleeding, swallowing problems, and complications with anesthesia. Lower Throat back of tongue and upper part of voice box —The lower part of the throat is a common area of airway collapse in patients with OSA. The base of the tongue may be larger than normal, especially in obese patients, and can block this area.
The tongue may also collapse during sleep with the lack of muscle tone, particularly if someone sleeps on their back. The epiglottis, or upper part of the voice box, may also collapse and contribute to airway obstruction.
Skeletal —Since airway muscles are supported by the jaw, the orientation or position of the jaw bones affect the opening and stability of the airway during sleep. If the problem is limited to the upper jaw, where it is too narrow for the tongue and soft palate, the upper jaw can be widened in both children and adults.
When MMA is performed properly, it provides a reliable and high surgical success rate. Current techniques allow patients to quickly return to regular chewing function. Patients may also benefit from improved bite—how their teeth come together—and facial balance.
It is highly recommended that these procedures be performed by an experienced surgeon for optimal results, so patients can return to their normal function usually within two to three weeks. As with palate surgery, these procedures are patient-specific depending on the nature of your airway, and can be assessed during an airway endoscopy. These procedures are done under general anesthesia, often with overnight hospital observation.
Recovery and risks vary depending on the procedure s performed, but are generally similar to procedures performed in the upper throat.
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He or she will perform a detailed examination of the entire upper airway before discussing your treatment options. The doctor may direct you to a surgeon otolaryngologist or an oral surgeon oral maxillofacial surgeon to perform the surgery.
After the surgery is complete, you will need to follow up with your sleep doctor. Typically a repeat sleep study will be done to see if the sleep apnea has improved or resolved. If you are considering surgery to treat your sleep apnea, make sure to ask your doctor the following questions:. Surgery is not the right choice for everyone. Some people may benefit more from surgery than others. Side effects of surgery may include:. There are different types of surgery for sleep apnea and snoring.
Surgery may be a multi-step process involving more than one procedure. You may need to continue using CPAP even when surgery successfully reduces the severity of sleep apnea. It is important to follow up regularly with your sleep doctor after surgery. This procedure, and other types of soft palate surgery, targets the back of your mouth.
It involves removing and repositioning excess tissue in the throat to make the airway wider. The surgeon can trim down your soft palate and uvula, remove your tonsils, and reposition some of the muscles of the soft palate. UPPP and other soft palate procedures are the most common type of surgery for sleep apnea. But UPPP alone is unlikely to cure moderate to severe sleep apnea. It may be combined with surgeries that target other sites in the upper airway. Upper airway stimulation involves an outpatient procedure to implant a device that monitors your breathing while you sleep.
To be eligible, patients must have moderate to severe sleep apnea that cannot tolerate CPAP or oral appliance. They also must be at least 22 years old and not significantly overweight. Patients will have to meet with a surgeon to see if this procedure is an option for them.
Patients can expect to have a sleep study before and after the procedure. In this procedure, the surgeon uses a heated instrument to shrink and tighten the tissues in and around the throat. RFVTR can be used on the soft palate, tonsils and tongue. Sleep apnea surgery can be any of more than a dozen different procedures aimed at correcting anatomy than can contribute to sleep apnea.
It is often performed as outpatient surgery but may require general anesthesia. See what to expect during sleep apnea surgery, including the need for postoperative assessment. It is important for a formal consultation with a board-certified surgeon to occur prior to sleep apnea surgery.
On the day of surgery, further testing is not generally required. Upon arrival at the surgery center, the patient will change into a hospital gown and vital signs may be checked.
There may be a brief conversation with both the surgeon and the anesthesiologist in the pre-operative waiting area. As the anesthesiologist is likely meeting the patient for the first time, there may be some questions about prior surgical history and a brief look in the mouth to assess the airway.
Sleep apnea surgery refers to multiple potential procedures that are used to correct anatomy that may obstruct the airway and predispose to both snoring and sleep apnea. Others require general anesthesia and are performed in an operating room. For the purposes of this discussion, these more intensive procedures will be described here.
It is hard to summarize diverse surgical techniques that may be done on the nose, throat, soft palate , tongue, or jaw. Consider some of these possible sleep apnea surgery procedures:.
To fully understand what procedure is or procedures are planned, it is necessary to have a conversation with the surgeon prior to the day of the surgery. Confirming the specific techniques that will be done is paramount to the consent process. It is common for several procedures to be done at the same time such as removal of both the adenoids and tonsils. In some cases, the surgery may be done in phases separated by months, to allow for healing and assessment of the response to the initial procedure before additional surgery may be done to resolve residual symptoms.
What actually happens when sleep apnea surgery is performed in an operating room? With the more than 17 procedures listed above, it is difficult to summarize across them all. It is possible to provide some general steps integral to almost all types of surgery while leaving specifics out. Consider these steps:.
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